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Complex Identities: Minority boys may experience gender privilege in some contexts while facing severe racial and class marginalization in others

• Gender & Society, Rodriguez & Lee / 2024: Navigating Privilege and Peril: The Intersectional Realities of Youth of Color
• Sociology of Race and Ethnicity, Johnson / 2025: Masculinity at the Margins: How Class and Race Complicate the Patriarchal Dividend

Key Concept: Intersectionality explains why gender equity frameworks must address multiple axes of power simultaneously to be effective

• Review of Educational Research, Carter et al. / 2025: Reimagining Gender Equity: Why Multi-Axis Frameworks Are Essential for Boys of Color
• Educational Researcher, Gillborn / 2024: Intersectionality as a Methodological Tool for Advancing Equity in Schools